5

«Донжоні і Дракони» (також «Підземелля та Дракони», англ. “Dungeons & Dragons”,) 5-а редакція.

На даний момент є найновішою версією D&D (анонсована у 2012 і вийшла у 2014 році). Ця редакція має лише 3 основні книги правил: Підручник Гравця, Книга Майстра і Посібник з Монстрів. П'ята редакція значно спрощена порівняно з попередніми, що привабило багатьох нових гравців. Існують скорочені основні правила для 5 редакції — System Reference Document (5e SRD) з відкритою ліцензією, які мають неофіційний український переклад.

Ця сторінка є заглушкою. Ви можете допомогти нашій вікі, розширивши її. Дивіться розділ довідки про те, як зробити свій внесок..

Історія

In January 2012, Wizards of the Coast announced that a new edition of the game, at the time referred to as D&D Next, was under development.<ref name="wired1"/> In direct contrast to the previous editions of the game, D&D Next was developed partly via a public open playtest.<ref name="NYT remake">Шаблон:Cite news</ref> An early build of the new edition debuted at the 2012 Dungeons & Dragons Experience event to about 500 fans.<ref>Шаблон:Cite news</ref> Public playtesting began on May 24, 2012,<ref name="Next playtest starts">Шаблон:Cite web</ref> with the final playtest packet released on September 20, 2013.<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref>

У січні 2012 року Чарівники узбережжя оголосили, що нове видання гри, на той час назване D&D Next, знаходиться в розробці. На відміну від попередніх видань гри, D&D Next було розроблено частково за допомогою публічного відкритого ігрового тесту. Рання збірка нового видання fastcocreate.com/1679620/dungeons-dragons-next-creators-look-to-simplicity-open-development-to-regain-lost-gamers дебютувала на заході “Dungeons & Dragons Experience з фінальним пакетом тестування, випущеним 20 вересня 2013 року.

The 5th edition's Basic Rules, a free PDF containing complete rules for play and a subset of the player and DM content from the core rulebooks, was released on July 3, 2014.<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref> The Starter Set was released on July 15, featuring a set of pre-generated characters, a set of instructions for basic play, and the adventure module Lost Mine of Phandelver.<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref> The Player's Handbook was released on August 19, 2014.<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref> The fifth edition Monster Manual was released on September 30, 2014.<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref> The Dungeon Master's Guide was released on December 9, 2014.<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref> The edition returns to having only three core rule books, with the Player's Handbook containing most major races and classes. Since 2014, there have been over twenty 5th edition Dungeon & Dragons books published including new rulebooks, campaign guides and adventure modules.<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref><ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref> In January 2022, the Expansion Gift Set was released which includes reissued versions of Xanathar's Guide to Everything (2017) and Tasha's Cauldron of Everything (2020),<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref> "the two most significant expansions for Dungeons & Dragons Fifth Edition" along with a new sourcebook, Mordenkainen Presents: Monsters of the Multiverse (2022).<ref name=":2">Шаблон:Cite web</ref> This sourcebook updates<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":12">Шаблон:Cite web</ref> "over 250 monster stat blocks alongside 30 playable races pulled from a variety of sources" such as Volo's Guide to Monsters (2016) and Mordenkainen's Tome of Foes (2018).<ref name=":2" />

Mechanically, 5th edition draws heavily on prior editions, while introducing some new mechanics intended to simplify and streamline play. Skills, weapons, items, saving throws, and other things that characters are trained in now all use a single proficiency bonus that increases as character level increases. Multiple defense values have been removed, returning to a single defense value of armor class and using more traditional saving throws. Saving throws are reworked to be situational checks based on the six core abilities instead of generic d20 rolls. Feats are now optional features that can be taken instead of ability score increases and are reworked to be occasional major upgrades instead of frequent minor upgrades.

The "advantage/disadvantage" mechanic was introduced, streamlining conditional and situational modifiers to a simpler mechanic: rolling two d20s for a situation and taking the higher of the two for "advantage" and the lower of the two for "disadvantage" and canceling each other out when more than one apply. The power system of 4th edition was replaced with more traditional class features that are gained as characters level.<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref> Clerics, druids, paladins, and wizards prepare known spells using a slightly modified version of the spell preparation system of previous editions. Healing Surges are replaced by Hit Dice, requiring a character to roll a hit die during a short rest instead of healing a flat rate of hit points.

Jackson Haime, for Screen Rant in 2020, compared the number of rulebooks released for the 3rd/3.5 editions to the number for 5th edition and wrote, "Dungeons and Dragons 5th edition has been released for almost as long as 3 and 3.5 now, and only has 3 core rulebooks and 4 supplemental books in the style of 3.5". This edition also has "setting guides that add some setting-specific rules as opposed to complete supplements that are intended for inclusion with any Dungeons and Dragons game".<ref name=":0" />

==== 2024 revision of 5th Edition ==== Шаблон:See also

In September 2021, it was announced that a backward compatible "evolution" of 5th edition would be released in 2024 to mark the 50th anniversary of the game.<ref name="Comicbook.com Article 2021">Шаблон:Cite web</ref><ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref> Charlie Hall, for Polygon in January 2022, highlighted that the first backwards compatible book is Mordenkainen Presents: Monsters of the Multiverse (2022) and that the sourcebook models how this "evolution" could look.<ref name=":3">Шаблон:Cite web</ref> Hall wrote:

"Many have speculated, without evidence, that it will be the full-fledged 6th edition of the game. But there's a downside to breaking ties with nearly a decade's worth of products [...] and starting fresh. Just look to the various 'edition wars' that have cropped up over the years when the franchise transitioned from 3rd edition, to 3.5, to 4th edition. Instead, it appears that Wizards will be taking a far more incremental approach this time, weaving in changes both large and small while still maintaining a connection to what came before".<ref name=":3" />

In August 2022, Wizards announced that the next phase of major changes for Dungeons & Dragons would occur under the One D&D initiative which includes a public playtest of the next version of Dungeons & Dragons.<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref><ref name=":4">Шаблон:Cite web</ref><ref name=":6">Шаблон:Cite web</ref> Revised editions of the Player's Handbook, Monster Manual, and Dungeon Master's Guide are scheduled to be released in 2024.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":7">Шаблон:Cite web</ref> The first public playtest, Unearthed Arcana: Character Origins, was released on D&D Beyond on August 18.<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":5">Шаблон:Cite web</ref> Samantha Nelson, for Polygon, commented that public playtest material should not be "considered final".<ref name=":8">Шаблон:Cite web</ref> In October 2022, Dicebreaker reported that Wizards of the Coast president Cynthia Williams,<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref> announced "that One D&D's playtest had seen more sign-ups since it launched on August 18 than D&D 5E's playtest saw during its entire two-year pre-release phase ahead of the game's release in 2014".<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref>

During the April 2023 D&D Creator Summit, the lead rules designer clarified that "One D&D is not supposed to be a new edition or a new 'half edition' similar to the game's '3.5 edition'. Instead, One D&D are revisions to the existing 5th Edition rules while keeping the bulks of those rules intact".<ref name=":9">Шаблон:Cite web</ref> Christian Hoffer, for Comicbook.com, wrote that the "backwards compatible" ruleset will include updated core rulebooks with "guidance on how rules from previous books line up with the new rules" and that older adventure modules will be compatible with the revised character creation rules.<ref name=":9" /> A compiled sourcebook pulling together rules and other information from Xanathar's Guide to Everything and Tasha's Cauldron of Everything is also in development; this sourcebook will be in a similar style to Monsters of the Multiverse.<ref name=":9" /> In May 2023, Wizards stated that One D&D was not the name used by the design team for the 2024 revision of 5th Edition,<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref> and began to move away from the One D&D branding.<ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref><ref>Шаблон:Cite web</ref>

In an August 2023 interview with Comicbook.com, lead rules designer Jeremy Crawford "pushed back on the idea that the 2024 Rules Revisions were just glorified errata, because of the amount of new content that will be appearing in the 2024 rules revisions".<ref name=":10">Шаблон:Cite web</ref> Crawford stated that, "I think what people are going to experience when they get the new Core Rulebooks...it's definitely the game we've all been playing, but enhancements everywhere".<ref name=":10" />